Characterization of Dental Metals and Alloys
Date
2013Author
Vasilescu, Elisabeta
Vasilescu, Vlad-Gabriel
Nicolau, Alexandru Mircea
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Metals and alloys in dentistry have seen remarkable progress due to their
biocompatibility and deepen research on the application of advanced technologies
to improve surface properties by controlling interactions material - environment in
the mouth. Biocompatibility of metals is a consequence of the presence of surface
oxide layer. Chemical properties and therefore chemical processes determine
precisely this interface oxide layer and not the metal itself. Biocompatibility would
be perfect without any biomaterial - tissue interactions and could be assured by a
completely inert biomaterial, which does not exist at this time. Titanium and its
alloys provide strength, rigidity, and ductility similar to those of other dental alloys.
Whereas, pure titanium castings have mechanical properties similar to Type III and
Type IV gold alloys, some titanium alloy castings, such as Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-15V,
have properties closer to Ni-Cr and Co-Cr castings with the exception of lower
modulus. Co-Cr alloys are alloys nenobile group, developed as an alternative to
noble alloys, which have become very expensive, inaccessible and limited
resources. Modern alloys based on Co-Cr, due to its superior mechanical and costeffective
price noble alloys have replaced the classic class IV in technology (metalpolymer)
and modern (metal and metal-ceramic composite). Co-Cr alloys have
advantages related to high modulus (250GPa) than type IV gold alloys (70-
100GPa) but they maintain their rigidity, which means that all items may have
minimum thickness metal frame.
This article presents a few considerations and results of studies regarding the
biological behavior and corrosion resistance of the commercially pure titanium (CP
Ti), titanium alloys (e.g. Ti6Al4V), in comparison with other alloys (stainless steel,
Co-Cr alloys) used in prosthetic or orthodontic implant technology.
Collections
- 2013 fascicula9 nr2 [14]